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Saturday, October 06, 2007

The oboe is a double reed musical instrument of the woodwind family.
The English word "oboe" is a corruption of the French word for oboe, hautbois, which is a compound word made of haut meaning "high" and bois, meaning "wood".

Careful manipulation of embouchure and air pressure allows the player to express a large timbral and dynamic range.
The oboe is often considered one of the most difficult instruments to learn to play.

In comparison to other modern woodwind instruments,
the oboe has a clear and penetrating voice.
In the play Angels in America,
the oboe has been described as sounding like a duck if the duck were a songbird.

The timbre of the oboe is derived from the oboe's conical bore (as opposed to the generally cylindrical bore of flutes and clarinets).
As a result, oboes are readily audible over other instruments in large ensembles.

Orchestras will usually tune by listening to the oboe play a concert A (usually A440, but sometimes higher if the orchestra tunes to a higher pitch).
Adjusting the pitch of the oboe is achieved by permanently altering the scrape,
removing cane from the reed, or changing the position of the reed in the instrument (although the latter method should only be used as a last resort, because adjusting the position of the reed may cause some notes to warble).
Subtle changes in pitch are also possible by adjusting the embouchure.
The oboe is pitched in concert C and has a mezzo-soprano to soprano range.

The classical period brought an oboe whose bore was gradually narrowed,
and the instrument became outfitted with several keys,
among them were those for the notes D♯, F, and G♯. A key similar to the modern octave key was also added called the "slur key," though it was at first used more like the "flick" keys on the modern German bassoon. Only later did French instrument makers redesign the octave key to be used in the manner of the modern key (i.e. held open for the upper register, closed for the lower).

The narrower bore allowed the higher notes to be more easily played, and composers began to more often utilize the oboe's upper register in their works.

The oboe has several siblings.
The most widely known today is the cor anglais, or English horn, the tenor (or alto) member of the family.
A transposing instrument; it is pitched in F, a perfect fifth lower than the oboe.
The oboe d'amore, the alto (or mezzo-soprano) member of the family, is pitched in A, a minor third lower than the oboe. J.S. Bach made extensive use of both the oboe d'amore as well as the taille and oboe da caccia, Baroque antecedents of the cor anglais.
Even less common is the bass oboe (also called baritone oboe), which sounds one octave lower than the oboe.
Delius and Holst both scored for the instrument.
Similar to the bass oboe is the more powerful heckelphone, which has a wider bore and larger tone than the bass oboe.
Only 165 heckelphones have ever been made, and competent players are hard to find [2]. The least common of all are the musette (also called oboe musette or piccolo oboe), the sopranino member of the family (it is usually pitched in E-flat or F above the oboe), and the contrabass oboe (typically pitched in C, two octaves deeper than the standard oboe).

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PRb8KKyenSY
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oboe

heh, ok shall end here, lazy!
mickey!